A groundbreaking temporary library project called "La Libreria" is capturing attention at the Venice Architecture Biennale, showcasing how advanced materials can transform architectural possibilities. Designed by renowned American firm Diller Scofidio + Renfro Architects (DSR), the greenhouse-like structure was conceived based on a concept by fashion designer Diane von Furstenberg and represents a bold experiment in mobile, accessible architecture.
The project's success hinges on a revolutionary textile membrane called STFE, developed by French materials manufacturer Serge Ferrari Group. This innovative material is composed of polyarylate, a highly durable polyester that offers exceptional optical clarity and superior UV resistance. The membrane enables the creation of large, transparent spaces while maintaining structural integrity and weather protection.
La Libreria embodies DSR Architects' vision of promoting reading and democratizing access to knowledge through mobile design. The lightweight structure can be easily transported and assembled in various locations, bringing library services directly to communities rather than requiring people to visit fixed locations. The design draws inspiration from tensile lightweight architecture and the experimental work of French engineer Robert Le Ricolais, who explored the concept of "tensegrity" in the mid-20th century.
According to DSR Architects' Matt Ostrow, the design team faced multiple complex challenges during development. "We considered several ideas around nomadic, tent-like structures," Ostrow explained. The primary requirements included rapid assembly and dismantling capabilities, potential for reuse across multiple locations, and adherence to strict budget constraints. The Venice Biennale site itself presented additional logistical difficulties for material transport and construction.
The architects prioritized creating an immersive, garden-like atmosphere even within the enclosed space. "We wanted people to feel like they were in a garden even inside," Ostrow noted. "The transparency allows natural light in, which is important since the structure is primarily used during the day. It also connects people to the surrounding environment." However, achieving this vision required balancing multiple technical requirements including transparency, shading, durability, and security features.
The site's linear constraints significantly influenced the overall design approach, leading the team to explore transparent materials for the outer shell. Working with a sophisticated spindle-like system featuring a 24-meter cable-reinforced steel structure, the architects recognized that deflection would occur and heavy materials would compromise the system's stability. To preserve the impressive span while maintaining overall lightness, they turned to textile membrane solutions.
After extensive material testing, STFE emerged as the optimal solution. "We explored several materials, but many lacked the necessary stiffness or didn't offer adequate security," Ostrow explained. "We needed something more robust to protect the books and furnishings inside. Ultimately, STFE emerged as the solution, offering greater natural light and improved interior visibility."
The project represents a significant architectural experiment that embodies themes DSR has explored in previous proposals. "It's about creating social spaces centered around books and learning—not digital media," Ostrow emphasized. "It's like an outreach library concept—something that could pop up in a park or public space rather than a central, permanent building." The Venice Biennale provided an ideal platform for structural experimentation, with its lightweight, cable-stayed system enabling the enclosure of significant areas without heavy structural components.
According to Serge Ferrari Group, STFE offers remarkable technical advantages that make it ideal for advanced architectural applications. The material is extremely lightweight—ten times lighter than glass—while being reinforced with polyarylate fiber for exceptional structural strength. This composite material can span wide distances without requiring extensive secondary support structures, and its unique combination of transparency, strength, and flexibility allows it to maintain tension while providing tremendous freedom in final shape design.
While the STFE material appears ideally suited for greenhouse construction and similar applications, industry experts suggest its cost likely aligns with high-end architectural projects rather than mainstream construction uses. The successful implementation of La Libreria demonstrates the potential for advanced materials to enable new forms of social architecture that can adapt to diverse environments and community needs.
The project's presence at the Venice Architecture Biennale highlights the growing intersection between material innovation and social architecture, suggesting potential future applications for mobile libraries, community centers, and other public spaces that prioritize accessibility and environmental integration.
